Effect of Tranexamic Acid Loaded Nanoparticles on Intra-Abdominal Adhesion Formation Following Laparotomy in Rats

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman Iran

2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Intra-abdominal adhesions frequently arise as a complication following abdominal surgeries. These adhesions lead to internal scarring as a result of damage to abdominal organs, including the peritoneum. This research explores the effects of a Nano-formulated version of tranexamic acid on intra-abdominal adhesions in rats, utilizing both microscopic and macroscopic analysis. A total of thirty adult male Wistar rats (weighing between 300 and 350 grams) were randomly divided into three treatment groups: a control group, a group receiving Nano-drug tranexamic acid (50 mg/kg), and a group receiving standard tranexamic acid (50 mg/kg). Anesthesia was administered via intramuscular injections of 10% ketamine (50 mg/kg) and 2% xylazine (5 mg/kg) as per established guidelines. Adhesion was induced in all subjects by making incisions in the abdominal wall. On days 14 and 28 post-surgery, all rats underwent a second laparotomy, during which the extent of intra-abdominal adhesions was evaluated through both macroscopic and microscopic inspections. The macroscopic evaluation indicated a marked reduction in the formation of adhesion bands within both the Nano-drug and standard drug treatment groups when compared to the control group (p<0.05). The Nano-drug treatment group exhibited the least amount of adhesion, whereas the control group showed the greatest incidence. Microscopic examination of pathological slides from the adhesion sites revealed that levels of inflammation and fibrotic tissue development were significantly reduced in both treatment groups versus the control group (p<0.05). The Nano-drug group exhibited the lowest levels of inflammation and fibrotic tissue, while the highest levels were recorded in the control group.

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Main Subjects

References

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Veterinary and Comparative Biomedical Research
Volume 3, Issue 1
March 2026
Pages 70-77

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