A Comprehensive Computed Tomographic Anatomy of the Mediastinal Cavity in Jebeer (Gazella bennettii)

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

3 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

Abstract

Jebeer (Gazella bennettii) primarily inhabits the central and southeastern regions of Iran. The estimated population in this country is only around 1,300 individuals, underscoring the need for increased conservation efforts and research. Due to the lack of anatomical data for this species and to address urgent conservation needs, such as veterinary care, this study aimed to provide detailed anatomical insights into the mediastinal cavity of the Jebeer using non-invasive computed tomography (CT). Four healthy adult Jebeer -both males and females- aged 2.5-3.5 years and weighing 20–25 kg and were anesthetized and positioned in sternal recumbency. CT images of the thoracic region were acquired perpendicular to the thoracic vertebrae, with a slice thickness of 3 mm. Thoracic vertebrae served as anatomical landmarks to describe the position and extent of mediastinal organs. Structures were compared to those of dissected goats for reference. Key structures such as the trachea, cranial vena cava, and aorta in Jebeer exhibited similarities to the corresponding landmarks in goats. The trachea bifurcated at the level of the 6th thoracic vertebra, while the cranial vena cava entered the right atrium at the 4th thoracic vertebra. The aortic arch and pulmonary trunk were observed at the 4th-5th and 6th thoracic vertebrae, respectively. No anatomical differences were observed between males and females in the mediastinal structures. Species-specific variations in the positioning of pulmonary vessels and other structures were identified when compared to other ruminants and carnivores. Additionally, the angle and position of the heart in the Jebeer were distinct from those in carnivores, resulting in differences in the attachment sites of the major blood vessels. This research provides a comprehensive CT-based anatomical atlas of the mediastinal cavity in the Jebeer, offering valuable insights for veterinary diagnostics and treatment of mediastinal conditions. These findings can also support targeted conservation strategies for this endangered species.­

Keywords

Veterinary and Comparative Biomedical Research

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 17 May 2025

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