The Antibacterial and Wound-Healing Effects of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Essential Oil on Burn Wounds Contaminated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Rats

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

2 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

Abstract

One of the major causes of death in burn patients is bacterial infections. An effective approach to speeding up the healing process and preventing antibiotic resistance in infected burn wounds is to use natural antibiotics such as clove (Syzygium aromaticum) extract. This study assesses the medicinal and anti-bacterial effects of clove essential oil on burn wounds infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to Silver Sulfadiazine (SSD). Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. After anesthesia, bilateral paralumbar burns were inflicted, resulting in a total of 80 wounds. The wounds were artificially infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa 24 hours post-burn. Wound areas were measured daily for 14 days (days 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 14). Pathological indices and bacterial colony counts were determined on days 7 and 14. Additionally, the in vitro inhibitory effect of clove extract concentration on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated. Macroscopic assessment showed a significant reduction decrease in wound size in both the 10% concentration group and the positive control group. While histopathological examination on day 7 indicated a slight advantage for the 30% clove concentration group in some pathological indices, but no significant differences were observed between groups (p ˂ 0.05). By day 14, the positive control and 10% clove groups demonstrated superior healing, while the 30% clove group exhibited the worst outcomes, suggesting that prolonged exposure to high concentrations of clove may hinder wound repair.

Keywords

References

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Veterinary and Comparative Biomedical Research
Volume 3, Issue 1
March 2026
Pages 1-11

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