Assessment of influenza A virus infection in horses of West Azerbaijan province using competitive ELISA

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Graduated from Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran

2 Department of Clinical sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran

Abstract

Equine influenza is an extremely contagious respiratory disease of horses caused by the influenza A virus. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of influenza A virus infection in horses of West Azerbaijan Province, north-west Iran. A total of 184 horse serum samples were collected from four localities and tested by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies against the nucleoprotein of the influenza A virus. Data were analyzed for the effect of gender, age, and location on seropositivity by the chi-square, Fisher's exact, and logistic regression tests. The prevalence rate was estimated to be 5.4% (95% CI: 2.14–8.66%). Based on regression analysis, the odds of infection based on age in years was 0.581 (95% CI: 0.176–1.916) (P > 0.05), and age explained -0.544% of the variations in infection. The relative frequency of infection in male and female horses was 2.6 and 7.4%, respectively (P > 0.05), and the odds of infection in females compared with male horses was 2.72 (95% CI: 0.536–13.794). Sex explained 1.001% of infection variations. The prevalence rate in Sardasht, Urmia, Khoy, and Chaldoran was 4%, 4.8%, 6.2%, and 6.8%, respectively. A non-significant increase in prevalence was observed from the south to the north of the province (P > 0.05). Geographical location explained 0.047% of infection variations. The final summary of results indicates that exposure to the influenza A virus is very low in horses of the studied regions.

Keywords

References

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Veterinary and Comparative Biomedical Research
Volume 1, Issue 1
June 2024
Pages 26-32

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